Igenzura ry'Ubuziranenge

Uburyo bw'ibanze bwo gukora imifuka ivanze ni: gucapa, guhuza, gukata no gukora imifuka intambwe enye, muri zo inzira ebyiri zo guhuza no gukora imifuka ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo guteranya.

Uburyo bwo gukora ibintu bivanze

Mu gushushanya, uretse guhitamo kole idakwiye mu gihe cyo gutunganya, uko uburyo bwo gusiga amavuta bumeze kose, bizatuma habaho gufata nabi, gufata neza nyuma yo gutunganya, gusiga amavuta, kuva amazi, no kwangirika kw'ibisebe.

Gusuzuma amabara yacapwe

Gusiga amavuta

Gukata

Gukora amasakoshi

Isuzuma

gupakira

Gupakira

Hari impamvu nyinshi zigomba gusuzumwa mu guhitamo kole zo gupakira porogaramu za shimi buri munsi. Muri rusange, ibi bikurikira bigomba kubahirizwa nk'uko kole ivanze:

ntabwo ari uburozi;

Nta binyabutabire byangiza bigaragara nyuma yo gupfunyika amazi;

Ibisabwa ku bushyuhe bwo kubika ibiryo;

Irwanya ikirere neza, nta muhondo cyangwa ifuro, nta gusya cyangwa gutandukanya ibintu;

Irwanya amavuta, impumuro nziza, vinegere na alcool;

Ntiyangiza wino y'ishusho yo gucapa, kandi ifite isano ikomeye na wino.

Gupfunyika ni inzira y'ingenzi mu gukora no gutunganya ibipfunyika byoroshye. Amakosa akunze kugaragara arimo: gukora utubumbe tw'umwuka, kudapfunyika vuba cyane, gupfunyika no gupfunyika kw'ibicuruzwa byarangiye, kunagura cyangwa kugabanya ibikoresho byapfunyika, nibindi. Iki gice kizibanda ku gusesengura impamvu zitera gupfunyika no gupfunyika kw'inkombe n'uburyo bwo kubikuraho.

Ikibazo cy'iminkanyari

agace k'umweru gavanze

Ibintu bitera uburyaryate mu guhuza ibintu

Ingufu nke zo gushisha

Ifuro ridafite ubushyuhe bwinshi

Ikibazo cy'iminkanyari

Iki kintu gitera umubare munini w'amakosa yumye, kandi kuba iyi makosa bigira ingaruka zitaziguye ku bwiza bw'isakoshi irangiye.

agace k'umweru gavanze

Uduce tw'umweru bitewe n'uko wino idatwikiriye neza: Ku wino y'umweru ivanze, iyo wino ifata ethyl ester ariko ntihinduke bihagije kugira ngo itere utuce tw'umweru, uburyo bwo kunoza ubushobozi bwo kumisha burashobora gukoreshwa; niba hakiri utuce tw'umweru, igisubizo rusange ni ukongera ubwinshi bw'iwino y'umweru Imbaraga, nko kugenzura ubunini bw'iwino y'umweru, kuko igipimo cyo ubwinshi bw'iwino kiba gikomeye niba ubunini bw'imashini isya ari bwiza.

Ibintu bitera uburyaryate mu guhuza ibintu

1. Gutosesha firime ni bike, kole n'ingano y'igitambaro bigomba kwiyongera, ubuso bwa MST na KPT ntabwo byoroshye kurobesha, kandi biroroshye gukora uduheri tw'umwuka, cyane cyane mu gihe cy'itumba. Uduheri tw'umwuka ku wino dushobora gukurwaho wongeyeho ingano ya kole.

2. Iyo ubuso bw'iwino butangana kandi bufite ifuro, ubushyuhe n'umuvuduko w'imashini ivanze bigomba kongerwa.

3. Ingano y'ipfundikizo rya kole ku buso bwa wino ni nto, igihe cyo gukanda cya kole igomba kongerwa kandi kole igenda neza igomba gukoreshwa, agapira kagomba gushyuha neza, umuvuduko wa kole igomba kugabanuka, kole ifite ubushobozi bwo kunywera neza igomba gutoranywa, kandi wino igomba gutoranywa neza.

Ingufu nke z'igishishwa

Uburemere buke bw'igishishwa bivuze ko bitewe no kudakora neza, cyangwa kole nke cyane, cyangwa kudahuza neza kwa wino n'icyuma gikoreshwa, nibindi, nubwo gukonjesha byarangiye, imbaraga zo gufatanya hagati y'ibice bibiri bya filime ivanze zidahagije.

Witondere kubika neza kole, igihe kirekire ntikirenza umwaka umwe (agacupa kaba gafunze); gukumira kole y'amahanga yinjira muri kole, cyane cyane amazi, alcool, nibindi, bizatuma kole inanirwa, kandi ubwoko bw'ibice bibiri bugomba gutegurwa ako kanya; koresha. Ishobora kandi kongera ingano ya kole ikoreshwa; kongera ubushyuhe bw'umuvuduko n'ubwinshi bw'umwuka, no kugabanya umuvuduko wo kuyivanga. Kora ubugororangingo ku buso bwa kole kugira ngo wongere imbaraga zo ku buso; kugabanya ikoreshwa ry'inyongera ku buso bwa kole. Ubu buryo bushobora kudufasha kunoza ikibazo cy'imbaraga nke zo gusiga kole.

Ifuro ridafite ubushyuhe bwinshi

Ibimenyetso n'impamvu zituma imifuka ifunze neza mu buryo bushyushye ni ibi bikurikira:

1. Uburemere buke bwo gufunga ubushyuhe. Impamvu nyamukuru y'iki kibazo ni uko kole idakira neza cyangwa ubushyuhe bwo gufunga ubushyuhe bukaba buri hasi cyane. Iki kibazo gishobora kunozwa binyuze mu kunoza uburyo bwo gufunga cyangwa kongera ubushyuhe bw'icyuma gifunga neza.

2. Guhindura imiterere y'igipfundikizo cy'ubushyuhe no kugorora. Impamvu nyamukuru y'iki kibazo ni uko kole idakira. Guhindura igihe cyo kuvura cyangwa guhindura ingano y'ibikoreshwa mu kuvura bishobora kunoza iki kibazo.

3. Icyuho ntikimeze neza/icyuho cy'imbere ni gito. Impamvu y'iki kibazo ni uko hari ikintu gito cyane kirwanya gufunga, ikintu kinini cyane gifunga (modifier), n'ubuso bw'icyuma gifata cyangwa gisize amavuta. Iki kibazo gishobora kunozwa no kongera ingano y'ikintu gifunga, guhindura ingano y'icyuma gihindura, no kwirinda kwanduza imiterere y'icyuma ku buso bwa filime.